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Plumbum:shell组合库

项目描述

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Plumbum:Shell组合

是否曾希望将shell脚本的紧凑性融入真正的编程语言中?现在向您介绍 Plumbum Shell Combinators。Plumbum(拉丁语意为,昔日用于创建管道)是一个小巧但功能丰富的Python库,用于编写类似shell的程序。该库的座右铭是“永不再次编写shell脚本”,因此它试图在合理的地方模仿shell语法(“shell组合器”),同时保持其Python化和跨平台

除了类似shell的语法和便捷的快捷方式外,该库还提供本地和远程命令执行(通过SSH)、本地和远程文件系统路径、轻松的工作目录和环境操作,以及程序化命令行界面(CLI)应用程序工具包。现在让我们看看一些代码!

这只是一个预告;完整文档可以在 Read the Docs 找到。

速查表

基础

>>> from plumbum import local
>>> local.cmd.ls
LocalCommand(/bin/ls)
>>> local.cmd.ls()
'build.py\nCHANGELOG.rst\nconda.recipe\nCONTRIBUTING.rst\ndocs\nexamples\nexperiments\nLICENSE\nMANIFEST.in\nPipfile\nplumbum\nplumbum.egg-info\npytest.ini\nREADME.rst\nsetup.cfg\nsetup.py\ntests\ntranslations.py\n'
>>> notepad = local["c:\\windows\\notepad.exe"]
>>> notepad()                                   # Notepad window pops up
''                                              # Notepad window is closed by user, command returns

在上面的示例中,如果您有一个不寻常命名的可执行文件或可执行文件的完整路径,可以使用local["ls"]local对象代表您的本地计算机。您将看到,Plumbum还提供了使用相同API的远程计算机!您还可以使用from plumbum.cmd import ls来访问PATH中的程序。

管道

>>> from plumbum.cmd import ls, grep, wc
>>> chain = ls["-a"] | grep["-v", r"\.py"] | wc["-l"]
>>> print(chain)
/bin/ls -a | /bin/grep -v '\.py' | /usr/bin/wc -l
>>> chain()
'27\n'

重定向

>>> from plumbum.cmd import cat, head
>>> ((cat < "setup.py") | head["-n", 4])()
'#!/usr/bin/env python3\nimport os\n\ntry:\n'
>>> (ls["-a"] > "file.list")()
''
>>> (cat["file.list"] | wc["-l"])()
'31\n'

工作目录操作

>>> local.cwd
<LocalWorkdir /home/tomer/workspace/plumbum>
>>> with local.cwd(local.cwd / "docs"):
...     chain()
...
'22\n'

前台和后台执行

>>> from plumbum import FG, BG
>>> (ls["-a"] | grep[r"\.py"]) & FG         # The output is printed to stdout directly
build.py
setup.py
translations.py
>>> (ls["-a"] | grep[r"\.py"]) & BG         # The process runs "in the background"
<Future ['/bin/grep', '\\.py'] (running)>

命令嵌套

>>> from plumbum.cmd import sudo, ifconfig
>>> print(sudo[ifconfig["-a"]])
/usr/bin/sudo /sbin/ifconfig -a
>>> (sudo[ifconfig["-a"]] | grep["-i", "loop"]) & FG
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1

远程命令(通过SSH)

支持openSSH-兼容客户端,PuTTY(在Windows上)和Paramiko(SSH2的纯Python实现)

>>> from plumbum import SshMachine
>>> remote = SshMachine("somehost", user = "john", keyfile = "/path/to/idrsa")
>>> r_ls = remote["ls"]
>>> with remote.cwd("/lib"):
...     (r_ls | grep["0.so.0"])()
...
'libusb-1.0.so.0\nlibusb-1.0.so.0.0.0\n'

CLI应用程序

import logging
from plumbum import cli

class MyCompiler(cli.Application):
    verbose = cli.Flag(["-v", "--verbose"], help = "Enable verbose mode")
    include_dirs = cli.SwitchAttr("-I", list = True, help = "Specify include directories")

    @cli.switch("--loglevel", int)
    def set_log_level(self, level):
        """Sets the log-level of the logger"""
        logging.root.setLevel(level)

    def main(self, *srcfiles):
        print("Verbose:", self.verbose)
        print("Include dirs:", self.include_dirs)
        print("Compiling:", srcfiles)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    MyCompiler.run()
示例输出
$ python3 simple_cli.py -v -I foo/bar -Ispam/eggs x.cpp y.cpp z.cpp
Verbose: True
Include dirs: ['foo/bar', 'spam/eggs']
Compiling: ('x.cpp', 'y.cpp', 'z.cpp')

颜色和样式

from plumbum import colors
with colors.red:
    print("This library provides safe, flexible color access.")
    print(colors.bold | "(and styles in general)", "are easy!")
print("The simple 16 colors or",
      colors.orchid & colors.underline | '256 named colors,',
      colors.rgb(18, 146, 64) | "or full rgb colors",
      'can be used.')
print("Unsafe " + colors.bg.dark_khaki + "color access" + colors.bg.reset + " is available too.")

项目详情


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源分布

plumbum-1.8.3.tar.gz (318.9 kB 查看哈希值

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构建分布

plumbum-1.8.3-py3-none-any.whl (127.6 kB 查看哈希值

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