marctable

marctable 是一个Python命令行实用工具，可以将MARC书目数据（传输格式或MARCXML）转换为表格格式，如 CSV 和 Parquet。它使用国会图书馆 MARC书目文档，以Avram JSON文件的形式表达，以确定要包括哪些MARC字段和子字段以及它们是否可以重复。

安装

$ pip install marctable

用法

marctable 为导出MARC数据提供了子命令风格界面。

CSV

CSV是一种常用的数据格式。尽管它不太擅长表示具有列的值列表。要将所有MARC字段转换为CSV

$ marctable csv data.marc data.csv

例如，这将生成一个包含215个列的CSV文件，每个MARC字段一个列。可重复的字段将显示为列表

F001,F003,F005,F006,F007,F008,F010,F013,F015,F016,F017,F018,F020,F022,F023,F024,F025,F026,F027,F028,F030,F031,F032,F033,F034,F035,F036,F037,F038,F040,F041,F042,F043,F044,F045,F046,F047,F048,F050,F051,F052,F055,F060,F061,F066,F070,F071,F072,F074,F080,F082,F083,F084,F085,F086,F088,F100,F110,F111,F130,F210,F222,F240,F242,F243,F245,F246,F247,F250,F251,F254,F255,F256,F257,F258,F260,F263,F264,F270,F300,F306,F307,F310,F321,F334,F335,F336,F337,F338,F340,F341,F342,F343,F344,F345,F346,F347,F348,F351,F352,F353,F355,F357,F361,F362,F363,F365,F366,F370,F377,F380,F381,F382,F383,F384,F385,F386,F387,F388,F490,F500,F501,F502,F504,F505,F506,F507,F508,F510,F511,F513,F514,F515,F516,F518,F520,F521,F522,F524,F525,F526,F530,F532,F533,F534,F535,F536,F538,F540,F541,F542,F544,F545,F546,F547,F550,F552,F555,F556,F561,F562,F563,F565,F567,F580,F581,F583,F584,F585,F586,F588,F600,F610,F611,F630,F647,F648,F650,F651,F653,F654,F655,F656,F657,F658,F662,F688,F700,F710,F711,F720,F730,F740,F751,F752,F753,F754,F758,F788,F800,F810,F811,F830,F850,F852,F856,F857,F880,F881,F882,F883,F884,F885,F886,F887
00021631 ,DLC,20030624102241.0,,['co |||||||||||'],000110s2000    ohu    f   m        eng  ,   00021631 ,,,,,,['1571170383'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC,,,,,,,,,['TA165'],,,,,,,,,,,,['620.1 13'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Leak testing CD-ROM [computer file] / technical editors, Charles N. Jackson, Jr., Charles N. Sherlock ; editor, Patrick O. Moore.",,,,,,,Computer data and program.,,,"['Columbus, Ohio : American Society for Nondestructive Testing, c2000.']",,,,['1 computer optical disc ; 4 3/4 in.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Nondestructive testing handbook. Third edition ; v. 1'],['Title from disc label.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Theory and application of nondestructive tests for characterization and inspection of industrial materials and components.'],"['Quality control engineers, inspectors.']",,,,,,,,,,,"['System requirements for Windows: i486 or Pentium processor-based PC; 8MB RAM on Windows 95 or 98 (16MB recommended); 16MB RAM on Windows NT (24MB recommended); Microsoft Windows 95, 98, or NT 4.0 with Service Pack 3 or later; CD-ROM drive.', 'System requirements for Macintosh: Apple Power Macintosh ; 4.5MB RAM available to Acrobat Reader (6.5 recommended); Apple System Software 7.1.2 or later; 8MB available hard disk space; CD-ROM drive.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Leak detectors.', 'Gas leakage.']",,,,,,,,,,"['Jackson, Charles N.', 'Sherlock, Charles N.', 'Moore, Patrick O.']",['American Society for Nondestructive Testing.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Nondestructive testing handbook (3rd ed. : Electronic resource) ; v. 1.'],,,,,,,,,,,,
00022451 ,DLC,20101012120708.0,,['co||||'],000114s2000    miu    f   m        eng  ,   00022451 ,,,,,,['0472002759'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC DLC,,,,,,,,,['PR2015'],,,,,,,,,,,,['821 13'],,,,,,"Langland, William, 1330?-1400?",,,,,,,,,"The Piers Plowman electronic archive. Vol. 1, Corpus Christi College, Oxford MS 201 (F) [computer file] / William Langland ; edited by Robert Adams ... [et al.] ; associate editors, M. Gail Duggan and Catherine A Farley.",,,,,,,Computer data and program.,,,"['Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press, c2000.']",,,,['1 computer optical disc ; 4 3/4 in.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Title from disc label.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Early scribal version of the alpha family of B text of Piers Plowman. Includes sixteen passus and contains about 170 lines not shared with the majority of other B manuscripts. Features SGML and HTML versions of text and images.'],['Middle English scholars.'],,,,,,,,,,,"['System requirements for Windows: 80486 PC; 8MB RAM; Windows 3.1 (Windows 95/98/NT for SGML version); Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 or Netscape 3.0; CD-ROM drive.', 'System requirements for HTML version for the Macintosh: Macintosh capable of Internet access; Netscape 3.0 or Internet Explorer 3.0; CD-ROM drive.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Langland, William, 1330?-1400? Piers Plowman Criticism, Textual.', 'Langland, William, 1330?-1400? Manuscripts.']",,,,,,"['Christian pilgrims and pilgrimages Poetry.', 'Manuscripts, English (Middle)']",,,,,,,,,,"['Adams, Robert, 1946-']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
00022452 ,DLC,20040524123949.0,,['co||||'],000119s2000    vau        m f      eng  ,   00022452 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC,,,,,,,,,['TN153'],,,,,,,,,,,,['553 13'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"U.S. Geological Survey mineral databases, MRDS and MAS/MILS [computer file] / [E.J. McFaul ... et al.].",,,,,,,Computer data and program.,,,"['[Reston, Va.] : U.S. Geological Survey, 2000.']",0001,,,['2 computer optical discs ; 4 3/4 in.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Title from disc label.'],,,,['disc 1. Minerals information for North America -- disc 2. Minerals information for the world exclusive of North America.'],,,,,,,,,,,"['Contains Mineral Resource Data System (MRDS) and Minerals Availability System/Minerals Industry Location System (MAS/MILS) databases. MRDS database features almost 200 data fields describing metallic and nonmetallic mineral resource, deposits, and commodities. MAS/MILS database includes almost 100 data fields describing mines and mineral processing plants.']",['Geologists.'],,,,,,,,,,,"['System requirements: Pentium I or better; Windows 95, 98, or NT; hard drive; CD-ROM drive.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Mines and mineral resources Databases.', 'Mines and mineral resources Directories.']",,,,,,,,,,"['McFaul, E. J.']",['Geological Survey (U.S.)'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
00022453 ,DLC,20020304100307.0,,['cj||||'],000119s2000    mau    f   b        eng  ,   00022453 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC DLC,,,,,,,,,['TK7871.6'],,,,,,,,,,,,['621.382 13'],,,,,,"Kolundžija, Branko M.",,,,,,,,,"WIPL-D [computer file] : electromagnetic modeling of composite metallic and dielectric structures / Branko Kolundzija, Jovan S. Ognjanovic, and Tapan K. Sarkar.",,,,,,,Computer program.,,,"['Boston : Artech House, c2000.']",,,,"[""2 computer disks ; 3 1/2 in. + 1 user's manual.""]",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Title from disk label.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Provides analysis of metallic and/or dielectric/magnetic structures such as antennas, scatterers, and passive microwave circuits.']",['Engineers.'],,,,,,,,,,,['System requirements: IBM-compatible PC (Pentium preferred); 16MB RAM; Windows 95 or NT; 6MB hard disk space; mouse.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Antennas (Electronics) Software.', 'Microwave circuits Software.', 'Electromagnetic waves Software.']",,,,,,,,,,"['Ognjanovic, Jovan S.', 'Sarkar, Tapan (Tapan K.)']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
00022454 ,DLC,20130524080406.0,,['co||||'],000204s2000    ilu    g   m        grc  ,   00022454 ,,,,,,['0252025857'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC DLC,['grc eng'],,['a-tu--- e-uk-en'],,,,,,['BX370'],,,,,,,,,,,,['264 13'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Theodore psalter [computer file] : electronic facsimile / edited by Charles Barber.,,,,,,,Computer data and program.,,,"['Champaign, IL : University of Illinois Press in association with the British Library, c2000.']",,,,['1 computer optical disc ; 4 3/4 in.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Title from jewel case.', 'Produced from the original text held in the British Library Rare Books collection.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Digital version of illuminated liturgical manuscript (BL Add. 19352) from the Byzantine Empire, known as the Theodore psalter; the digital version features full-color magnified views of all pages, searchable text in original Greek and in English translation, and scholarly essays.']",,,,,,,,,,,,"['System requirements for Macintosh: Power Macintosh; 8MB RAM; System 7.0 or higher; CD-ROM drive.', 'System requirements for PC: Pentium PC; 8MB RAM (16MB for Windows NT 4.0); Windows 95 or higher, or Windows NT 4.0 or higher; VGA graphics capability; CD-ROM drive.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Orthodox Eastern Church Liturgy Texts Illustrations.', 'British Library.']",,['Theodore psalter Illustrations.'],,,"['Psalters Illustrations.', 'Manuscripts, Greek Facsimiles.', 'Illumination of books and manuscripts, Byzantine Turkey Istanbul.']",,,,,,,,,,"['Barber, Charles, 1964-']","['University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign campus). Press.', 'British Library.', 'Orthodox Eastern Church. Psalterion. English & Greek.']",,,"['Theodore psalter.', 'Bible. Psalms. Greek.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
00022456 ,DLC,20000228141517.0,,['co||||'],000218s2000    ilu        m        eng  ,   00022456 ,,,,,,['1570737061'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC,,,['n-us---'],,,,,,['KF3775'],,,,,,,,,,,,['344.73 13'],,,,,,"Nichols, Nils, 1956-",,,,,,,,,NEPA casebook [computer file] : a digest of U.S. Supreme Court and Circuit Court cases on the National Environmental Policy Act / by Nils Nichols.,['National Environmental Policy Act casebook'],,['Version 1.0.'],,,,Computer data and program.,,,"['Chicago, IL : ABA Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources, c2000.']",0002,,,['1 computer optical disc ; 4 3/4 in.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Title from disc label.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Searchable database of all applicable case law to the National Environmental Protection Act.'],,,,,,,,,,,,['System requirements: IBM PC or Macintosh; 16MB RAM; Windows; Adobe Acrobat; CD-ROM drive.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Environmental law United States Cases.'],,,,,,,,,,,"['American Bar Association. Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
00022457 ,DLC,20070411080441.0,,['co||||'],000218s2000    vau    f   d f      eng  ,   00022457 ,,,,,,['0607942746'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC,,,['n-us---'],,,,,,['QE76'],,,,,,,,,,,,['557.3 13'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Records and history of the United States Geological Survey [electronic resource] / Clifford M. Nelson, editor.",,,,,,,,,,"['[Reston, Va.] : USGS, 2000.']",,,,['1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Title from disc label.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Contains two presentations: Renee M. Jaussaud\'s inventory of the documents accessioned by the end of 1997 into Record Group 57 (Geological Survey), and Mary C. Rabbitt\'s ""The United States Geological Survey 1879-1989,"" which appeared in 1989 as USGS Circular 1050.']",['Historians.'],,,,,,,,,,,"['System requirements for Windows: 486 PC or higher; 32MB RAM; Windows 3.1 or higher; VGA or SVGA color monitor capable of displaying 256 colors; CD-ROM drive.', 'Systems requirements for Macintosh: 68020 or higher processor; 8MB RAM; Apple System Software version 7.0 or later; 13-inch color  monitor capable of displaying 256 colors; CD-ROM drive.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Geological Survey (U.S.) History.'],,,,,['Geological surveys United States History.'],,,,,,,,,,"['Nelson, Clifford M.', 'Jaussaud, Renée.', 'Rabbitt, Mary C. United States Geological Survey, 1879-1989.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
00022458 ,DLC,20070410080439.0,,['co||||'],000329s2001    pau    f   m        eng  ,   00022458 ,,,,,,['1582550719'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC DLC,,,,,,,,,['RT41'],,,,,,,,,,,,['610.73 13'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Nursing procedures [computer file].,['Subtitle on container: Interactive guide to better clinical skills'],,,,,,Computer data and program.,,,"['Springhouse, Pa. : Springhouse Interactive, c2001.']",,,,"[""1 computer optical disc ; 4 3/4 in. + 1 user's manual.""]",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Title from disc label.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Provides detailed descriptions of more than 500 nursing procedures. Each entry offers complete instructions, including the necessary equipment, preparation guidelines, implementation steps, special considerations, and documentation. Features video clips.']",,,,,,,,,,,,['System requirements: IBM-compatible PC with 133MHz processor or higher; 32MB RAM or more; Windows 95 or higher; 40MB free hard-disk space; SVGA display (256 colors); CD-ROM drive; mouse.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Nursing.'],,,,,,,,,,,['Springhouse Interactive (Firm)'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Publisher description http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0711/00022458-d.html'],,,,,,,,,
00022459 ,DLC,20070410080440.0,,['co||||'],000329s2001    pau    f   m        eng  ,   00022459 ,,,,,,['1582550603'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,DLC DLC DLC,,,,,,,,,['RM301'],,,,,,,,,,,,['615 13'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Nursing pharmacology made incredibly easy! [computer file].,,,,,,,Computer data and program.,,,"['[Springhouse, Pa.] : Springhouse Interactive, c2001.']",,,,"[""1 computer optical disc ; 4 3/4 in. + 1 player's manual.""]",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Title from disc label.'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['1,000 review questions for nursing students and practicing nurses who are seeking advanced certification in nursing pharmacology.']",,,,,,,,,,,,"['System requirements for Pentium: Pentium 166 PC; 32MB RAM; Windows 95 or higher; SVGA monitor capable of displaying 800 x 600 resolution; 25MB free hard disk space; 8X CD-ROM drive; Microsoft-compatible mouse.', 'System requirements for Macintosh: Macintosh; 64MB RAM; System 8.5 or higher; SVGA monitor capable of displaying 800 x 600 resolution; 25MB free hard disk space; 8X CD-ROM drive; mouse.']",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"['Pharmacology.', 'Nursing.']",,,,,,,,,,,['Springhouse Interactive (Firm)'],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,['Publisher description http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0711/00022459-d.html'],,,,,,,,,

如果您只想特定字段和子字段，可以传递一个或多个规则。这将提取245子字段a，650子字段a和v，以及整个500字段，所有这些都作为单独的列

$ marctable csv --rule 245a --rule 650av --rule 500 data.marc data.csv 

F245a,F650a,F650v,F500
Leak testing CD-ROM,Gas leakage.,,['Title from disc label.']
The Piers Plowman electronic archive.,"Manuscripts, English (Middle)",['Poetry.'],['Title from disc label.']
"U.S. Geological Survey mineral databases, MRDS and MAS/MILS",Mines and mineral resources,"['Databases.', 'Directories.']",['Title from disc label.']
WIPL-D,Electromagnetic waves,"['Software.', 'Software.', 'Software.']",['Title from disk label.']
Theodore psalter,"Illumination of books and manuscripts, Byzantine","['Illustrations.', 'Facsimiles.']","['Title from jewel case.', 'Produced from the original text held in the British Library Rare Books collection.']"
NEPA casebook,Environmental law,['Cases.'],['Title from disc label.']
Records and history of the United States Geological Survey,Geological surveys,,['Title from disc label.']
Nursing procedures,Nursing.,,['Title from disc label.']
Nursing pharmacology made incredibly easy!,Nursing.,,['Title from disc label.']

Parquet

您还可以将数据写入Parquet文件，它在重复字段和子字段中可以表示元素列表，并在数据分析环境中工作。

$ marctable parquet data.marc data.parquet

或使用规则

$ marctable parquet --rules 245a --rule 650a data.marc data.parquet

JSONL

您还可以将表格作为JSON Lines（JSONL）写入，其中每行是一个不同的JSON对象。

$ marctable jsonl data.marc data.jsonl

重新生成Avram模式

您还可以从国会图书馆网站重新生成Avram JSON文件。

$ marctable avram