Python中的逻辑统一
项目描述
逻辑统一
逻辑统一 在Python中，可通过分派扩展。
安装
使用 pip
pip install logical-unification
从源安装
git clone git@github.com:pythological/unification.git
cd unification
pip install -r requirements.txt
可以使用提供的 Makefile 运行测试
make check
示例
unification 通过函数 unify 内置支持大多数Python数据类型的统一
>>> from unification import *
>>> unify(1, 1)
{}
>>> unify(1, 2)
False
>>> x = var()
>>> unify((1, x), (1, 2))
{~x: 2}
>>> unify((x, x), (1, 2))
False
包含逻辑变量的可统一对象也可以使用 reify 重新实现
>>> reify((1, x), {x: 2})
(1, 2)
以及大多数Python数据结构
>>> unify({"a": 1, "b": 2}, {"a": x, "b": 2})
{~x: 1}
>>> unify({"a": 1, "b": 2}, {"a": x, "b": 2, "c": 3})
False
>>> from collections import namedtuples
>>> ntuple = namedtuple("ntuple", ("a", "b"))
>>> unify(ntuple(1, 2), ntuple(x, 2))
{~x: 1}
可以通过 unifiable 装饰器将自定义类制作成“可统一”的
@unifiable
class Account(object):
def __init__(self, id, name, balance):
self.id = id
self.name = name
self.balance = balance
>>> data = [Account(1, 'Alice', 100),
Account(2, 'Bob', 0),
Account(2, 'Charlie', 0),
Account(2, 'Denis', 400),
Account(2, 'Edith', 500)]
>>> id, name, balance = var('id'), var('name'), var('balance')
>>> [unify(Account(id, name, balance), acct) for acct in data]
[{~name: 'Alice', ~balance: 100, ~id: 1},
{~name: 'Bob', ~balance: 0, ~id: 2},
{~name: 'Charlie', ~balance: 0, ~id: 2},
{~name: 'Denis', ~balance: 400, ~id: 2},
{~name: 'Edith', ~balance: 500, ~id: 2}]
>>> [unify(Account(id, name, 0), acct) for acct in data]
[False,
{~name: 'Bob', ~id: 2},
{~name: 'Charlie', ~id: 2},
False,
False]
unification 也支持通过模式匹配进行函数分派
>> from unification.match import *
>>> n = var('n')
@match(0)
def fib(n):
return 0
@match(1)
def fib(n):
return 1
@match(n)
def fib(n):
return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
>>> map(fib, [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 0])
[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34]
模式匹配可以相当复杂
>> name, amount = var('name'), var('amount')
@match({'status': 200, 'data': {'name': name, 'credit': amount}})
def respond(name, amount):
balance[name] += amount
@match({'status': 200, 'data': {'name': name, 'debit': amount}})
def respond(name, amount):
balance[name] -= amount
@match({'status': 404})
def respond():
print("Bad Request")
请参阅示例目录中的完整示例。
性能和可靠性
unification 的当前设计允许对嵌套结构进行统一和重新实现，否则会超出Python堆栈递归限制。它使用基于生成器的结构来“流”统一和重新实现。
以下是一些栈与流基准测试，展示了基于流的实现方式在统一和实例化包含整数的深度嵌套列表方面相对于基于栈的实现方式的扩展能力。这些基准测试是从tests/test_benchmarks.py中的测试生成的，使用CPython 3.7.3。
栈与流基准测试
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- benchmark 'reify_chain size=10': 2 tests -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name (time in us) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS (Kops/s) Rounds Iterations
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_reify_chain_stack[10] 41.0790 (1.0) 545.1940 (3.20) 52.9087 (1.07) 9.7964 (1.04) 50.8650 (1.08) 6.4301 (8.37) 11815;10849 18.9005 (0.93) 260164 1
test_reify_chain_stream[10] 42.4410 (1.03) 170.5540 (1.0) 49.3080 (1.0) 9.3993 (1.0) 47.2400 (1.0) 0.7680 (1.0) 14962;102731 20.2807 (1.0) 278113 1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ benchmark 'reify_chain size=1000': 1 tests -----------------------------------------
Name (time in ms) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS Rounds Iterations
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_reify_chain_stream_large[1000] 7.7722 28.2579 10.0723 2.5087 9.4899 0.3106 70;155 99.2820 1528 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------- benchmark 'reify_chain size=300': 2 tests --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name (time in ms) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS Rounds Iterations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_reify_chain_stack[300] 1.5183 (1.0) 22.1821 (1.19) 1.9826 (1.0) 1.5511 (1.16) 1.7410 (1.0) 0.0801 (1.0) 144;684 504.3878 (1.0) 7201 1
test_reify_chain_stream[300] 1.7059 (1.12) 18.6020 (1.0) 2.1237 (1.07) 1.3389 (1.0) 1.9260 (1.11) 0.1020 (1.27) 118;585 470.8745 (0.93) 6416 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- benchmark 'reify_chain size=35': 2 tests --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name (time in us) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS (Kops/s) Rounds Iterations
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_reify_chain_stream[35] 129.2780 (1.0) 868.1510 (1.02) 190.0433 (1.11) 36.2784 (1.41) 179.5690 (1.08) 21.5360 (2.30) 1535;1455 5.2620 (0.90) 26072 1
test_reify_chain_stack[35] 150.7850 (1.17) 853.7920 (1.0) 170.5166 (1.0) 25.7944 (1.0) 165.8500 (1.0) 9.3530 (1.0) 3724;5480 5.8645 (1.0) 81286 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------- benchmark 'reify_chain size=5000': 1 tests ------------------------------------------
Name (time in ms) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS Rounds Iterations
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_reify_chain_stream_large[5000] 46.9073 86.9737 52.9724 6.6919 49.6787 3.9609 68;68 18.8778 292 1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- benchmark 'unify_chain size=10': 2 tests -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name (time in us) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS (Kops/s) Rounds Iterations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_unify_chain_stream[10] 77.6280 (1.0) 307.9130 (1.0) 86.7625 (1.0) 17.5355 (1.20) 82.7525 (1.0) 1.7290 (1.0) 809;1736 11.5257 (1.0) 15524 1
test_unify_chain_stack[10] 92.9890 (1.20) 309.8770 (1.01) 104.2017 (1.20) 14.6694 (1.0) 101.0160 (1.22) 4.2368 (2.45) 3657;6651 9.5968 (0.83) 73379 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------- benchmark 'unify_chain size=1000': 1 tests ------------------------------------------
Name (time in ms) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS Rounds Iterations
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_unify_chain_stream_large[1000] 27.3518 65.5924 31.1374 4.2563 29.5148 3.5286 38;35 32.1158 496 1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------- benchmark 'unify_chain size=300': 2 tests --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name (time in ms) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS Rounds Iterations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_unify_chain_stream[300] 3.6957 (1.0) 13.1876 (1.0) 4.4439 (1.0) 1.0719 (1.42) 4.2080 (1.0) 0.2410 (1.67) 51;95 225.0298 (1.0) 1114 1
test_unify_chain_stack[300] 4.2952 (1.16) 13.4294 (1.02) 4.7732 (1.07) 0.7555 (1.0) 4.6623 (1.11) 0.1446 (1.0) 36;136 209.5024 (0.93) 2911 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- benchmark 'unify_chain size=35': 2 tests ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name (time in us) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS (Kops/s) Rounds Iterations
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_unify_chain_stream[35] 285.6880 (1.0) 934.9690 (1.0) 324.5402 (1.0) 40.8338 (1.0) 319.8520 (1.0) 20.4375 (1.0) 962;1159 3.0813 (1.0) 24331 1
test_unify_chain_stack[35] 345.2770 (1.21) 1,088.3650 (1.16) 407.9067 (1.26) 52.2263 (1.28) 396.6640 (1.24) 20.6560 (1.01) 2054;3027 2.4515 (0.80) 37594 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------- benchmark 'unify_chain size=5000': 1 tests ---------------------------------------------
Name (time in ms) Min Max Mean StdDev Median IQR Outliers OPS Rounds Iterations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_unify_chain_stream_large[5000] 555.2733 754.9897 605.4949 50.6124 591.1251 61.4030 2;2 1.6515 26 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legend:
Outliers: 1 Standard Deviation from Mean; 1.5 IQR (InterQuartile Range) from 1st Quartile and 3rd Quartile.
OPS: Operations Per Second, computed as 1 / Mean
关于
本项目是unification项目的分支。
开发
安装开发依赖
$ pip install -r requirements.txt
设置pre-commit钩子
$ pre-commit install --install-hooks
关闭
logical-unification-0.4.6.tar.gz的哈希值
| 算法 | 哈希摘要 | |
|---|---|---|
| SHA256 | 908435123f8a106fa4dcf9bf1b75c7beb309fa2bbecf277868af8f1c212650a0 |
|
| MD5 | c13e0fd23faadca1c894c226778883ff |
|
| BLAKE2b-256 | c0738dac224c46949e61bc52558384138a2b79fa0b7be10367074862fe9994dd |